Software Add-On Term References
Add-On:
Q = What is an add-on in software ?
A = An add-on is a piece of software that enhances or extends the functionality of another application.
Plugin:
Q = What is a plugin ?
A = A plugin is a type of add-on that adds specific features or functionalities to a software.
Extension:
Q = Define extension in software. ?
A = An extension is a modular software component that enhances the functionality of a program.
Module:
Q = What is a module in software ?
A = A module is a self-contained unit of software that performs a specific function.
Widget:
Q = What is a widget ?
A = A widget is a small, interactive element that can be added to a user interface.
Theme:
Q = Define theme in software. ?
A = A theme is a collection of visual elements determining the appearance of a software application.
Skin:
Q = What is a skin in software ?
A = A skin focuses on changing the visual appearance of the user interface.
Toolbar:
Q = What is a toolbar ?
A = A toolbar is a graphical control element that provides quick access to frequently used functions.
Framework:
Q = Define framework in software. ?
A = A framework is a pre-built structure that facilitates the development of software applications.
Library:
Q = What is a library in software ?
A = A library is a collection of pre-written code that developers can use to perform common tasks.
Script:
Q = What is a script ?
A = A script is a set of instructions that can be executed by a software program.
Macro:
Q = Define macro in software. ?
A = A macro is a series of commands or instructions that can be automated to perform a task.
SDK (Software Development Kit):
Q = What is an SDK ?
A = An SDK is a set of tools and resources for developers to create software applications for a specific platform.
API (Application Programming Interface):
Q = What is an API ?
A = An API allows different software applications to communicate and share data or functionality.
Middleware:
Q = Define middleware. ?
A = Middleware is software that acts as an intermediary between different applications or components.
Driver:
Q = What is a driver in software ?
A = A driver is software that enables communication between a hardware device and an operating system.
Patch:
Q = What is a patch ?
A = A patch is a piece of software designed to update or fix issues in a program.
Updater:
Q = What is an updater ?
A = An updater is a tool that automatically installs updates for software to ensure it stays current.
Snapshot:
Q = What is a snapshot in software ?
A = A snapshot is a point-in-time copy of a system's configuration or state.
Repository:
Q = Define repository. ?
A = A repository is a central location where software code and related assets are stored and managed.
Patch Management:
Q = What is patch management ?
A = Patch management is the process of applying updates and patches to software to enhance security and fix vulnerabilities.
Emulator:
Q = What is an emulator ?
A = An emulator mimics the behavior of a specific device or system, allowing software to run on a different platform.
Debugger:
Q = What is a debugger ?
A = A debugger is a tool that helps developers identify and fix errors or bugs in software code.
Decompiler:
Q = What is a decompiler ?
A = A decompiler translates machine code into a higher-level programming language.
Container:
Q = What is a container in software ?
A = A container is a lightweight, portable, and self-sufficient unit that encapsulates software and its dependencies for easy deployment.
IDE (Integrated Development Environment):
Q = What is an IDE ?
A = An IDE is a software suite that provides comprehensive tools for software development, including code editors, debuggers, and build automation.
Snippet:
Q = What is a code snippet ?
A = A code snippet is a small piece of reusable code that can be inserted into larger codebases to perform specific functions.
Package Manager:
Q = What is a package manager ?
A = A package manager automates the process of installing, updating, and managing software packages and dependencies.
Dependency:
Q = Define dependency in software. ?
A = A dependency is a software component or library that a program relies on to function correctly.
Version Control:
Q = What is version control ?
A = Version control is a system that tracks changes to a codebase, allowing collaboration and managing different versions of the software.
Merge Conflict:
Q = What is a merge conflict ?
A = A merge conflict occurs when changes made in one branch of a version-controlled project conflict with changes made in another branch.
Continuous Integration:
Q = What is continuous integration ?
A = Continuous integration is a development practice that involves regularly integrating code changes into a shared repository, ensuring early bug detection.
Continuous Deployment:
Q = What is continuous deployment ?
A = Continuous deployment automates the process of deploying code changes to production environments after successful continuous integration.
Repository Fork:
Q = What is a repository fork ?
A = A repository fork creates a personal copy of another user's project on a code hosting platform, allowing independent development.
Bug Tracker:
Q = What is a bug tracker ?
A = A bug tracker is a tool that helps manage and track issues, bugs, and tasks related to software development.
Scrum:
Q = What is Scrum ?
A = Scrum is an agile project management framework that emphasizes collaboration, flexibility, and iterative development.
Kanban:
Q = What is Kanban ?
A = Kanban is an agile project management method that visualizes work, limits work in progress, and maximizes efficiency.
Waterfall Model:
Q = What is the waterfall model ?
A = The waterfall model is a traditional software development approach where progress flows sequentially through phases like requirements, design, coding, testing, and maintenance.
Sprint:
Q = What is a sprint in Scrum ?
A = A sprint is a time-boxed iteration in Scrum, usually two to four weeks long, during which a specific set of features or tasks is developed.
API Key:
Q = What is an API key ?
A = An API key is a code passed in by computer programs to identify the calling program and control access to an API.
SDK (Software Development Kit):
Q = What is an SDK ?
A = An SDK is a set of tools and resources for developers to create software applications for a specific platform.
Wireframe:
Q = What is a wireframe ?
A = A wireframe is a visual representation of the layout and structure of a software application, often used in the early stages of design.
Responsive Design:
Q = What is responsive design ?
A = Responsive design ensures that a software application or website adapts and displays optimally on various devices and screen sizes.
Caching:
Q = What is caching in software ?
A = Caching involves storing frequently accessed data in a temporary storage area to improve access speed and overall performance.
Load Balancer:
Q = What is a load balancer ?
A = A load balancer distributes incoming network traffic across multiple servers to ensure no single server is overwhelmed, optimizing performance and reliability.
Firewall:
Q = What is a firewall ?
A = A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
Penetration Testing:
Q = What is penetration testing ?
A = Penetration testing involves simulating cyber-attacks on a system or software to identify and fix security vulnerabilities.
Containerization:
Q = What is containerization ?
A = Containerization involves encapsulating an application and its dependencies into a container for efficient deployment and scalability.
Microservices:
Q = What are microservices ?
A = Microservices is an architectural approach where a software application is divided into small, independent services that communicate with each other.
DevOps:
Q = What is DevOps ?
A = DevOps is a set of practices that combines software development (Dev) and IT operations (Ops) to improve collaboration and efficiency in the software development lifecycle.
MVP (Minimum Viable Product):
Q = What is an MVP ?
A = An MVP is the initial version of a product with the minimum features required to satisfy early users and gather feedback.
CDN (Content Delivery Network):
Q = What is a CDN ?
A = A CDN is a network of distributed servers that work together to deliver web content efficiently, improving website performance and user experience.
Regex (Regular Expression):
Q = What is a regex ?
A = A regex is a sequence of characters defining a search pattern, commonly used for pattern matching in string operations.
Metadata:
Q = What is metadata ?
A = Metadata provides information about other data, offering insights into its origin, format, usage, and more.
Docker:
Q = What is Docker ?
A = Docker is a platform for developing, shipping, and running applications in containers.
Encryption:
Q = What is encryption ?
A = Encryption is the process of converting information into a code to prevent unauthorized access.
Decryption:
Q = What is decryption ?
A = Decryption is the process of converting encoded data back into its original form.
OAuth:
Q = What is OAuth ?
A = OAuth is an open standard for access delegation commonly used in secure API authentication.
JWT (JSON Web Token):
Q = What is a JWT ?
A = A JWT is a compact, URL-safe means of representing claims between two parties, commonly used for authentication.
Single Sign-On (SSO):
Q = What is Single Sign-On ?
A = SSO allows users to access multiple applications with a single set of login credentials.
Reverse Proxy:
Q = What is a reverse proxy ?
A = A reverse proxy handles requests from clients, forwarding them to servers and returning the response to clients.
API Gateway:
Q = What is an API Gateway ?
A = An API Gateway is a server that acts as an API front-end, handling tasks such as authentication, rate limiting, and routing.
Serverless Architecture:
Q = What is serverless architecture ?
A = Serverless architecture allows developers to build and run applications without managing server infrastructure directly.
GraphQL:
Q = What is GraphQL ?
A = GraphQL is a query language for APIs that provides a more efficient and powerful alternative to traditional REST APIs.
NPM (Node Package Manager):
Q = What is NPM ?
A = NPM is the default package manager for Node.js, used for installing and managing software packages.
Yarn:
Q = What is Yarn ?
A = Yarn is a package manager alternative to NPM, focusing on speed and reliability.
FaaS (Function as a Service):
Q = What is FaaS ?
A = FaaS allows developers to execute individual functions in response to events without managing server infrastructure.
WebSocket:
Q = What is WebSocket ?
A = WebSocket is a communication protocol that provides full-duplex communication channels over a single, long-lived connection.
Webhooks:
Q = What are webhooks ?
A = Webhooks are automated HTTP callbacks used for real-time communication between systems.
Distributed Systems:
Q = What are distributed systems ?
A = Distributed systems are a group of interconnected computers working together to achieve a common goal.
Load Testing:
Q = What is load testing ?
A = Load testing involves assessing how a system performs under a specific workload or traffic.
A/B Testing:
Q = What is A/B testing ?
A = A/B testing compares two versions of a webpage or application to determine which performs better.
Wireless LAN:
Q = What is a wireless LAN ?
A = A wireless LAN enables devices to connect to a local area network using radio waves instead of physical cables.
VPN (Virtual Private Network):
Q = What is a VPN ?
A = A VPN extends a private network across a public network, allowing users to securely send and receive data.
Rootkit:
Q = What is a rootkit ?
A = A rootkit is malicious software designed to provide unauthorized access to a computer or network.
CI/CD Pipeline:
Q = What is a CI/CD pipeline ?
A = A CI/CD pipeline automates the process of continuous integration and continuous delivery, ensuring the rapid and reliable delivery of software changes.
Dependency Injection:
Q = What is dependency injection ?
A = Dependency injection is a design pattern where components receive their dependencies rather than creating them, promoting modularity and flexibility.
Server-Side Rendering (SSR):
Q = What is server-side rendering ?
A = SSR is a technique where a web server generates HTML pages for each request, delivering a fully rendered page to the client.
Progressive Web App (PWA):
Q = What is a Progressive Web App ?
A = A PWA is a type of application software delivered through the web, offering an app-like experience to users.
Code Review:
Q = What is code review ?
A = Code review involves systematically examining and evaluating code changes to ensure code quality, adherence to standards, and bug detection.
Technical Debt:
Q = What is technical debt ?
A = Technical debt refers to the backlog of suboptimal or incomplete solutions in software development that may require future attention.
Code Refactoring:
Q = What is code refactoring ?
A = Code refactoring is the process of restructuring existing computer code without changing its external behavior to improve readability, maintainability, or performance.
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS):
Q = What is Cross-Site Scripting ?
A = XSS is a security vulnerability where attackers inject malicious scripts into web applications viewed by other users.
Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS):
Q = What is CORS ?
A = CORS is a security feature implemented by web browsers to control access to resources on a web page from a different domain.
OAuth 2.0 Flows:
Q = What are OAuth 2.0 flows ?
A = OAuth 2.0 defines different authorization flows (e.g., Authorization Code, Implicit, Resource Owner Password Credentials) for secure API access.
Blockchain:
Q = What is blockchain ?
A = Blockchain is a decentralized and distributed ledger technology used to record transactions across multiple computers.
Smart Contract:
Q = What is a smart contract ?
A = A smart contract is a self-executing contract with the terms directly written into code, often running on blockchain platforms.
Machine Learning Model Deployment:
Q = What is machine learning model deployment ?
A = Deployment involves making a trained machine learning model available for use in a production environment.
Data Lake:
Q = What is a data lake ?
A = A data lake is a centralized repository that allows organizations to store structured and unstructured data at any scale.
Edge Computing:
Q = What is edge computing ?
A = Edge computing involves processing data near the source of data generation, reducing latency and optimizing bandwidth.
NoSQL Databases:
Q = What are NoSQL databases ?
A = NoSQL databases are a type of database that provides a mechanism for storage and retrieval of data modeled in ways other than the tabular relations used in relational databases.
Service Mesh:
Q = What is a service mesh ?
A = A service mesh is a dedicated infrastructure layer that handles service-to-service communication, providing features like load balancing, encryption, and more.
Dark Mode:
Q = What is dark mode ?
A = Dark mode is a user interface option that displays light text on a dark background, reducing eye strain and saving energy on devices with OLED screens.
Gamification:
Q = What is gamification ?
A = Gamification applies game-like elements (e.g., points, badges, leaderboards) to non-game contexts to enhance user engagement.
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT):
Q = What is Distributed Ledger Technology ?
A = DLT is a broader term encompassing technologies like blockchain, emphasizing decentralized and distributed control.
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD):
Q = What is Behavior-Driven Development ?
A = BDD is an agile software development approach that encourages collaboration between developers, QA, and non-technical stakeholders.
Immutable Infrastructure:
Q = What is immutable infrastructure ?
A = Immutable infrastructure is a concept where infrastructure components, once deployed, are never modified, only replaced with new versions.
Zero Trust Security Model:
Q = What is the Zero Trust security model ?
A = Zero Trust is a security model that assumes no trust within the network, requiring verification from everyone and everything trying to connect.
Robotic Process Automation (RPA):
Q = What is Robotic Process Automation ?
A = RPA involves the use of software robots or "bots" to automate repetitive tasks, improving efficiency and accuracy.
Biometric Authentication:
Q = What is biometric authentication ?
A = Biometric authentication uses unique biological features (e.g., fingerprints, facial recognition) to verify a user's identity.
Natural Language Processing (NLP):
Q = What is Natural Language Processing ?
A = NLP is a field of artificial intelligence that focuses on the interaction between computers and humans using natural language.
Reactive Programming:
Q = What is reactive programming ?
A = Reactive programming is a programming paradigm focused on asynchronous data streams and the propagation of changes.
Immutable Object:
Q = What is an immutable object ?
A = An immutable object is an object whose state cannot be modified after it is created, enhancing predictability and thread safety.
Data Mining:
Q = What is data mining ?
A = Data mining is the process of discovering patterns and knowledge from large datasets using various methods.
Chatbot:
Q = What is a chatbot ?
A = A chatbot is a computer program designed to simulate conversation with human users, often used for customer support or information retrieval.
API Rate Limiting:
Q = What is API rate limiting ?
A = API rate limiting controls the number of requests a user or client can make to an API within a specified time frame to prevent abuse.
CRUD Operations:
Q = What are CRUD operations ?
A = CRUD stands for Create, Read, Update, and Delete, representing the basic operations for managing data in a database.
Scalability:
Q = What is scalability in software ?
A = Scalability refers to a system's ability to handle increased workload or demand while maintaining performance and responsiveness.
Fault Tolerance:
Q = What is fault tolerance ?
A = Fault tolerance is the ability of a system to continue operating in the presence of hardware or software faults.
Multithreading:
Q = What is multithreading ?
A = Multithreading is a concurrent execution of multiple threads (smaller units of a process) to improve overall system performance.
Singleton Pattern:
Q = What is the Singleton pattern ?
A = The Singleton pattern ensures that a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.
Observer Pattern:
Q = What is the Observer pattern ?
A = The Observer pattern defines a one-to-many dependency between objects, allowing a change in one object to notify and update its dependents.
Blockchain Consensus Algorithms:
Q = What are blockchain consensus algorithms ?
A = Consensus algorithms enable nodes in a blockchain network to agree on a single version of the truth.
Agile Methodology:
Q = What is Agile methodology ?
A = Agile is an iterative and flexible software development approach that prioritizes collaboration and customer feedback.
Chaos Engineering:
Q = What is Chaos Engineering ?
A = Chaos Engineering is the practice of intentionally injecting failures and disturbances into a system to identify weaknesses and improve resilience.
DevSecOps:
Q = What is DevSecOps ?
A = DevSecOps integrates security practices into the DevOps pipeline, emphasizing the importance of security throughout the software development lifecycle.
Frontend Frameworks:
Q = What are frontend frameworks ?
A = Frontend frameworks, like React, Angular, and Vue, provide pre-built components and structures to streamline web application development.
Backend Frameworks:
Q = What are backend frameworks ?
A = Backend frameworks, like Django, Flask, and Express, offer pre-built tools and structures to simplify server-side application development.
Design Patterns:
Q = What are design patterns ?
A = Design patterns are reusable solutions to common problems in software design, providing templates for solving specific design challenges.
Micro Frontends:
Q = What are micro frontends ?
A = Micro frontends is an architectural approach where a frontend is decomposed into smaller, independently deployable units.
Microservices Orchestration:
Q = What is microservices orchestration ?
A = Microservices orchestration coordinates the communication and interaction between individual microservices in a distributed system.
Server-Sent Events (SSE):
Q = What are Server-Sent Events ?
A = SSE is a standard allowing servers to push real-time updates to web clients over a single HTTP connection.
Feature Flag:
Q = What is a feature flag ?
A = A feature flag is a toggle that allows developers to enable or disable a feature in a software application without changing the code.
Immutable.js:
Q = What is Immutable.js ?
A = Immutable.js is a library that provides immutable data structures to help manage state in JavaScript applications.
Behavior Tree:
Q = What is a behavior tree ?
A = A behavior tree is a model used in artificial intelligence for decision-making in games, robotics, and simulations.
Federated Learning:
Q = What is federated learning ?
A = Federated learning is a machine learning approach where the model is trained across decentralized devices without exchanging raw data.
Deep Learning:
Q = What is deep learning ?
A = Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that involves neural networks with many layers (deep neural networks).
Reinforcement Learning:
Q = What is reinforcement learning ?
A = Reinforcement learning is a machine learning paradigm where an agent learns by interacting with its environment and receiving feedback in the form of rewards.
Generative Adversarial Network (GAN):
Q = What is a GAN ?
A = A GAN is a type of neural network architecture used in unsupervised machine learning to generate new data similar to a given dataset.
BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers):
Q = What is BERT ?
A = BERT is a pre-trained natural language processing model based on the transformer architecture, designed for tasks like text understanding and sentiment analysis.
CI/CD Orchestration:
Q = What is CI/CD orchestration ?
A = CI/CD orchestration involves managing and coordinating the automated processes in a continuous integration and continuous delivery pipeline.
Microservices Choreography:
Q = What is microservices choreography ?
A = Microservices choreography is an architectural style where microservices communicate and collaborate directly with each other without a central orchestrator.
Low-Code Development:
Q = What is low-code development ?
A = Low-code development involves using a visual interface to build applications with minimal manual coding, enabling faster development.
Headless CMS (Content Management System):
Q = What is a headless CMS ?
A = A headless CMS is a content management system that separates the content management backend from the frontend presentation layer.
Edge AI:
Q = What is Edge AI ?
A = Edge AI refers to the deployment of artificial intelligence algorithms on edge devices (e.g., IoT devices, smartphones) rather than in centralized servers.
GraphQL vs. REST:
Q = What is the difference between GraphQL and REST ?
A = GraphQL and REST are different approaches to API design, with GraphQL providing a more flexible and efficient way to query and manipulate data.
Elasticsearch:
Q = What is Elasticsearch ?
A = Elasticsearch is a distributed search and analytics engine commonly used for full-text search, log analysis, and real-time analytics.
Kubernetes:
Q = What is Kubernetes ?
A = Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.
Service Worker:
Q = What is a service worker ?
A = A service worker is a script that runs in the background of a web application, enabling features like offline support and push notifications.
WebAssembly:
Q = What is WebAssembly ?
A = WebAssembly is a binary instruction format that enables high-performance execution of code on web browsers, allowing languages other than JavaScript to run on the web.
CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation):
Q = What is CQRS ?
A = CQRS is a software architectural pattern that separates the read and write operations of a system, optimizing for each use case.
Event Sourcing:
Q = What is event sourcing ?
A = Event sourcing is a pattern where changes to an application's state are stored as a sequence of events, enabling reconstruction of the state at any point in time.
Kotlin:
Q = What is Kotlin ?
A = Kotlin is a programming language that runs on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and is designed to be fully interoperable with Java.
AR (Augmented Reality):
Q = What is augmented reality (AR) ?
A = Augmented reality enhances the real-world environment by overlaying computer-generated information, such as graphics, sounds, or GPS data.
VR (Virtual Reality):
Q = What is virtual reality (VR) ?
A = Virtual reality creates a simulated, computer-generated environment that users can interact with using special devices like VR headsets.
Quantum Computing:
Q = What is quantum computing ?
A = Quantum computing uses principles of quantum mechanics to perform computations, potentially solving certain problems much faster than classical computers.
Serverless Computing:
Q = What is serverless computing ?
A = Serverless computing allows developers to build and run applications without managing server infrastructure, with cloud providers handling scaling and resource allocation.
Progressive Enhancement:
Q = What is progressive enhancement ?
A = Progressive enhancement is a design philosophy that starts with a basic version of a web page and progressively adds features for users with more advanced capabilities.
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service):
Q = What is IaaS ?
A = Infrastructure as a Service provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, allowing users to rent servers, storage, and networking.
Open Source Software:
Q = What is open-source software ?
A = Open-source software is software with a license that allows its source code to be freely available, encouraging collaboration and modification by the community.
Apache Kafka:
Q = What is Apache Kafka ?
A = Apache Kafka is a distributed event streaming platform that enables the building of real-time data pipelines and streaming applications.
Natural Language Generation (NLG):
Q = What is Natural Language Generation ?
A = NLG is a subset of artificial intelligence that involves the generation of human-like language by machines.
DevOps Tools:
Q = What are DevOps tools ?
A = DevOps tools facilitate the collaboration and communication between development and operations teams, streamlining the software delivery process.
CI/CD Artifacts:
Q = What are CI/CD artifacts ?
A = CI/CD artifacts are the output of the build process, such as compiled code or executable files, used in subsequent stages of the deployment pipeline.
Infrastructure as Code (IaC):
Q = What is Infrastructure as Code ?
A = IaC is a practice that involves managing and provisioning infrastructure through machine-readable script files rather than physical hardware configuration.
Feature Toggles:
Q = What are feature toggles ?
A = Feature toggles, also known as feature flags, allow developers to toggle specific features on or off during runtime without changing the codebase.
Memory Leak:
Q = What is a memory leak ?
A = ?
A memory leak occurs when a program fails to release memory that is no longer needed, leading to inefficient memory usage.
Deepfake:
Q = What is a deepfake ?
A = A deepfake is a synthetic media technique that uses artificial intelligence to create realistic-looking fake content, often involving altered images or videos.
Quantum Cryptography:
Q = What is quantum cryptography ?
A = Quantum cryptography uses quantum mechanics principles to secure communication channels, providing a theoretically unbreakable encryption method.
DevOps Culture:
Q = What is the DevOps culture ?
A = The DevOps culture emphasizes collaboration, communication, and shared responsibility between development and operations teams to achieve faster and more reliable software delivery.
Micro Frontends vs. Monolith:
Q = What is the difference between micro frontends and a monolith ?
A = Micro frontends involve breaking down a frontend into smaller, independently deployable units, while a monolith is a single, cohesive frontend application.
WebAssembly vs. JavaScript:
Q = What is the difference between WebAssembly and JavaScript ?
A = WebAssembly is a binary instruction format for efficient browser execution, while JavaScript is a high-level scripting language for web development.
Steganography:
Q = What is steganography ?
A = Steganography is the practice of concealing messages or information within other non-secret data, such as images or audio files.
WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication):
Q = What is WebRTC ?
A = WebRTC is a free, open-source project that provides web browsers and mobile applications with real-time communication via application programming interfaces (APIs).
Content Delivery Network (CDN):
Q = What is a Content Delivery Network ?
A = A CDN is a network of distributed servers that work together to deliver web content efficiently, improving website performance and user experience.
Neural Network:
Q = What is a neural network ?
A = A neural network is a computer system inspired by the structure and function of the human brain, used for machine learning and artificial intelligence.
Fintech:
Q = What is fintech ?
A = Fintech (financial technology) is an industry that uses technology to improve and automate financial services, including banking, investing, and payments.
IDE Features:
Q = What are common features in an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) ?
A = IDE features include code editors, debuggers, syntax highlighting, version control integration, and various tools to streamline software development.
Distributed Tracing:
Q = What is distributed tracing ?
A = Distributed tracing involves monitoring and capturing performance data across different components or microservices in a distributed system.
API Versioning:
Q = What is API versioning ?
A = API versioning is a practice that involves managing changes and updates to an API by assigning version numbers to different releases.
Agile Manifesto:
Q = What is the Agile Manifesto ?
A = The Agile Manifesto is a set of guiding values and principles for agile software development, emphasizing flexibility, collaboration, and customer satisfaction.
Nginx:
Q = What is Nginx ?
A = Nginx is a popular open-source web server and reverse proxy server, known for its high performance, scalability, and efficient resource utilization.
Graph Database:
Q = What is a graph database ?
A = A graph database is a database that uses graph structures for semantic queries, representing relationships between data points.
Kanban vs. Scrum:
Q = What is the difference between Kanban and Scrum ?
A = Kanban is a visual system for managing work, while Scrum is an agile framework with specific roles, events, and artifacts for software development.
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) Tools:
Q = What are tools used in Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) ?
A = BDD tools include Cucumber, SpecFlow, and Behave, allowing collaboration between developers, QA, and non-technical stakeholders in defining and testing requirements.
Rust Programming Language:
Q = What is the Rust programming language ?
A = Rust is a systems programming language known for its focus on performance, memory safety, and zero-cost abstractions.
Scrum Master:
Q = What is a Scrum Master ?
A = A Scrum Master is a facilitator and coach in the Scrum framework, helping teams adhere to Scrum practices and achieve their goals.
Gantt Chart:
Q = What is a Gantt chart ?
A = A Gantt chart is a visual representation of a project schedule, displaying tasks, timelines, and dependencies over time.
Technical Debt vs. Code Smell:
Q = What is the difference between technical debt and code smell ?
A = Technical debt refers to the long-term consequences of suboptimal design or implementation, while code smell indicates potential issues in the code's structure or readability.
Dark Web:
Q = What is the dark web ?
A = The dark web is a part of the internet that is intentionally hidden and accessible only through specific software, often associated with illicit activities.
Micro Frontends vs. Microservices:
Q = What is the difference between micro frontends and microservices ?
A = Micro frontends focus on breaking down the frontend into smaller, independent units, while microservices involve breaking down the backend into small, independently deployable services.
Agile vs. Waterfall:
Q = What is the difference between Agile and Waterfall methodologies ?
A = Agile is an iterative and flexible approach, while Waterfall is a linear and sequential methodology for software development.
Edge Computing vs. Cloud Computing:
Q = What is the difference between edge computing and cloud computing ?
A = Edge computing involves processing data near the source of data generation, while cloud computing centralizes processing and storage in data centers.
Gitflow Workflow:
Q = What is the Gitflow workflow ?
A = The Gitflow workflow is a branching model for Git that defines a strict branching structure to manage feature development, releases, and hotfixes.
Serverless vs. Containers:
Q = What is the difference between serverless and containers ?
A = Serverless computing abstracts server management entirely, while containers encapsulate applications and their dependencies for consistent deployment.
ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library):
Q = What is ITIL ?
A = ITIL is a set of practices for IT service management (ITSM) that focuses on aligning IT services with the needs of the business.
Pair Programming:
Q = What is pair programming ?
A = Pair programming involves two developers working together at one workstation, with one typing (the driver) and the other reviewing and guiding (the observer).
Unit Testing vs. Integration Testing:
Q = What is the difference between unit testing and integration testing ?
A = Unit testing tests individual components or functions, while integration testing verifies interactions between different components or systems.
Web Accessibility:
Q = What is web accessibility ?
A = Web accessibility ensures that websites and applications are designed and developed to be usable by people with disabilities.
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF):
Q = What is Cross-Site Request Forgery ?
A = CSRF is a security vulnerability where an attacker tricks a user's browser into performing an unwanted action on a trusted site.
DevOps Pipeline:
Q = What is a DevOps pipeline ?
A = A DevOps pipeline is a set of automated processes that facilitate the continuous integration, delivery, and deployment of software.
Serverless Architecture vs. Microservices:
Q = What is the difference between serverless architecture and microservices ?
A = Serverless architecture abstracts infrastructure entirely, while microservices involve breaking down the application into small, independently deployable services.
Big O Notation:
Q = What is Big O notation ?
A = Big O notation is used to describe the performance or complexity of an algorithm in terms of time or space.
Wireframing:
Q = What is wireframing ?
A = Wireframing is the process of creating a visual representation (a wireframe) of a website or application's interface to guide design and development.
Technical Interview:
Q = What is a technical interview ?
A = A technical interview assesses a candidate's technical skills and problem-solving abilities, often involving coding exercises and problem-solving scenarios.
Microservices vs. Monolithic Architecture:
Q = What is the difference between microservices and monolithic architecture ?
A = Microservices involve breaking down an application into small, independent services, while monolithic architecture keeps the entire application as a single, cohesive unit.
CAP Theorem:
Q = What is the CAP theorem ?
A = The CAP theorem states that in a distributed database system, it's impossible to achieve all three of consistency, availability, and partition tolerance simultaneously.
Model-View-Controller (MVC):
Q = What is the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern ?
A = MVC is a software design pattern that separates an application into three interconnected components: the model, view, and controller.
Docker Compose:
Q = What is Docker Compose ?
A = Docker Compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications, simplifying the process of managing multiple Docker containers.
Concurrency vs. Parallelism:
Q = What is the difference between concurrency and parallelism ?
A = Concurrency is about managing multiple tasks at the same time, while parallelism is about executing multiple tasks simultaneously.
FaaS (Function as a Service):
Q = What is Function as a Service (FaaS) ?
A = FaaS allows developers to run individual functions in response to events, without managing the underlying server infrastructure.
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service):
Q = What is Amazon S3 ?
A = Amazon S3 is a scalable object storage service by Amazon Web Services (AWS), designed to store and retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the web.
Vagrant:
Q = What is Vagrant ?
A = Vagrant is an open-source tool for building and managing virtualized development environments, making it easy to create reproducible and shareable development environments.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) vs. Platform as a Service (PaaS):
Q = What is the difference between IaaS and PaaS ?
A = IaaS provides virtualized computing resources, while PaaS offers a platform with tools and services for application development.
Semantic Versioning (SemVer):
Q = What is Semantic Versioning ?
A = Semantic Versioning is a versioning scheme that communicates changes to software by assigning version numbers in the format MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH.
Chroot:
Q = What is chroot ?
A = Chroot is a Unix command that changes the apparent root directory for the current running process and its children, isolating them from the rest of the system.
Jenkins:
Q = What is Jenkins ?
A = Jenkins is an open-source automation server used for building, testing, and deploying software, supporting continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) processes.
Hypervisor:
Q = What is a hypervisor ?
A = A hypervisor is a software or hardware platform that allows multiple operating systems to share a single hardware host.
Technical Documentation:
Q = What is technical documentation ?
A = Technical documentation provides detailed information about a software product, including its features, architecture, and usage instructions.
Frontend Performance Optimization:
Q = How can you optimize frontend performance ?
A = Frontend performance optimization involves techniques like minimizing HTTP requests, optimizing images, and using browser caching to improve website loading speed.
Docker Swarm:
Q = What is Docker Swarm ?
A = Docker Swarm is a native clustering and orchestration solution for Docker containers, enabling the management of a cluster of Docker hosts.
Web Scraping:
Q = What is web scraping ?
A = Web scraping involves extracting data from websites, usually for analysis or to populate databases, using automated scripts or bots.
Micro Frontends Architecture Patterns:
Q = What are some micro frontends architecture patterns ?
A = Micro frontends can use patterns like the Module Federation pattern or the Single SPA (Single Page Application) approach for building scalable and modular frontends.
Distributed Systems:
Q = What are distributed systems ?
A = Distributed systems involve multiple interconnected computers that work together to achieve a common goal, sharing resources and coordinating actions.
Distributed Database:
Q = What is a distributed database ?
A = A distributed database is a database that is spread across multiple computers or nodes, allowing for better scalability and fault tolerance.
Domain-Driven Design (DDD):
Q = What is Domain-Driven Design ?
A = Domain-Driven Design is an approach to software development that focuses on understanding and modeling the business domain to create effective software solutions.
Singleton Design Pattern:
Q = What is the Singleton design pattern ?
A = The Singleton pattern ensures that a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.
Docker Image:
Q = What is a Docker image ?
A = A Docker image is a lightweight, standalone, and executable package that includes everything needed to run a piece of software, including the code, runtime, libraries, and dependencies.
GitLab:
Q = What is GitLab ?
A = GitLab is a web-based platform that provides Git repository management, CI/CD pipeline features, code review, and more, facilitating collaborative software development.
Blockchain Consensus Algorithms:
Q = What are common blockchain consensus algorithms ?
A = Consensus algorithms in blockchain include Proof of Work (PoW), Proof of Stake (PoS), and Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS), determining how nodes agree on the state of the blockchain.
Mocking in Software Testing:
Q = What is mocking in software testing ?
A = Mocking involves creating simulated objects that mimic the behavior of real objects in a controlled way, used for testing purposes.
Container Orchestration:
Q = What is container orchestration ?
A = Container orchestration is the automated management of containerized applications, handling deployment, scaling, and resource management.
Distributed Computing:
Q = What is distributed computing ?
A = Distributed computing involves multiple computers working together on a task, sharing resources and collaborating over a network.
HTTP/2:
Q = What is HTTP/2 ?
A = HTTP/2 is a major revision of the HTTP network protocol, designed to improve web page loading speed and efficiency.
Flux Architecture:
Q = What is the Flux architecture ?
A = Flux is an application architecture pattern used for building scalable and maintainable web applications, often associated with React.js applications.
JIRA:
Q = What is JIRA ?
A = JIRA is a popular project management and issue tracking tool, widely used for software development and agile project management.
Puppet Configuration Management:
Q = What is Puppet for configuration management ?
A = Puppet is an open-source configuration management tool that automates the provisioning and management of infrastructure as code.
Continuous Monitoring:
Q = What is continuous monitoring in software development ?
A = Continuous monitoring involves real-time tracking and analysis of software and system performance to ensure optimal operation and detect issues promptly.
Linter:
Q = What is a linter in programming ?
A = A linter is a tool that analyzes source code for potential errors, style violations, and other issues, helping developers maintain code quality.
Infrastructure as Code (IaC) Tools:
Q = What are common tools used for Infrastructure as Code ?
A = Popular IaC tools include Terraform, Ansible, and Chef, enabling the automated provisioning and management of infrastructure.
Jenkins Pipeline:
Q = What is a Jenkins pipeline ?
A = A Jenkins pipeline is a set of automated processes defined in code for building, testing, and deploying software continuously using Jenkins.
Reverse Proxy:
Q = What is a reverse proxy ?
A = A reverse proxy sits between client devices and a server, forwarding client requests to the server and returning server responses to clients.
OAuth:
Q = What is OAuth ?
A = OAuth is an open standard for access delegation commonly used in secure authorization and authentication processes for web applications.
Serverless Framework:
Q = What is the Serverless Framework ?
A = The Serverless Framework is an open-source framework for deploying serverless functions and applications on various cloud providers.
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD):
Q = What is Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) ?
A = BDD is a software development methodology that encourages collaboration between developers, QA, and non-technical stakeholders to define and test requirements.
Jupyter Notebooks:
Q = What are Jupyter Notebooks ?
A = Jupyter Notebooks are interactive documents combining live code, visualizations, and narrative text, widely used for data analysis and scientific computing.
Serverless Computing Providers:
Q = Who are major providers of serverless computing services ?
A = Major serverless computing providers include AWS Lambda, Azure Functions, and Google Cloud Functions, offering scalable, pay-as-you-go compute services.
Technical Debt vs. Refactoring:
Q = What is the relationship between technical debt and refactoring ?
A = Technical debt represents the cost of suboptimal code, and refactoring is the process of improving code without changing its external behavior to reduce technical debt.
IT Operations (ITOps):
Q = What is IT Operations (ITOps) ?
A = ITOps involves managing and overseeing the day-to-day operations of IT infrastructure, ensuring its reliability, performance, and security.
Caching:
Q = What is caching in computing ?
A = Caching involves storing copies of frequently accessed or computed data to reduce latency and improve performance in software applications.
Serverless Security:
Q = How is security managed in serverless computing ?
A = Serverless security includes practices like code signing, access control, and monitoring to ensure the secure operation of serverless functions.
Big Data:
Q = What is big data ?
A = Big data refers to extremely large and complex datasets that cannot be easily managed or processed using traditional database management tools.
Code Review:
Q = What is code review ?
A = Code review is a systematic examination of source code by other developers to identify bugs, security vulnerabilities, and improve code quality.
OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project):
Q = What is OWASP ?
A = OWASP is an organization that focuses on improving software security, providing resources and guidelines, including the OWASP Top Ten, a list of the most critical web application security risks.
Distributed Ledger:
Q = What is a distributed ledger ?
A = A distributed ledger is a decentralized database that maintains a consistent, tamper-resistant record of transactions across multiple nodes.
Hadoop:
Q = What is Hadoop ?
A = Hadoop is an open-source framework for distributed storage and processing of large datasets, often used in big data analytics.
RESTful API:
Q = What is a RESTful API ?
A = A RESTful API (Representational State Transfer) is an architectural style for designing networked applications, emphasizing stateless communication and resource manipulation through standard HTTP methods.
Dependency Injection:
Q = What is dependency injection ?
A = Dependency injection is a design pattern where the dependencies of a class are injected from the outside, promoting modularity and testability.
WebSockets:
Q = What are WebSockets ?
A = WebSockets provide a full-duplex communication channel over a single, long-lived connection, enabling real-time data exchange between clients and servers.
Load Balancer:
Q = What is a load balancer ?
A = A load balancer distributes incoming network traffic across multiple servers, ensuring no single server is overwhelmed and improving reliability and performance.
Micro Frontends vs. Single Page Application (SPA):
Q = What is the difference between micro frontends and a Single Page Application (SPA) ?
A = Micro frontends involve breaking down a frontend into smaller, independently deployable units, while a SPA is a web application that loads a single HTML page and dynamically updates content.
Technical Evangelist:
Q = What is a technical evangelist ?
A = A technical evangelist is an advocate for a particular technology or platform, promoting its benefits, educating developers, and fostering a community around it.
Neural Network Layers:
Q = What are the layers in a neural network ?
A = Neural networks typically consist of input, hidden, and output layers, with each layer containing nodes (neurons) connected by weights.
Binary Search:
Q = What is binary search ?
A = Binary search is an efficient algorithm for finding a target value within a sorted array, dividing the search range in half at each step.
Continuous Integration vs. Continuous Deployment:
Q = What is the difference between continuous integration and continuous deployment ?
A = Continuous integration involves automatically integrating code changes into a shared repository, while continuous deployment goes a step further by automatically deploying changes to production.
Technical Stack:
Q = What is a technical stack ?
A = A technical stack, or technology stack, refers to the combination of programming languages, frameworks, libraries, databases, and other tools used to build and operate a software application.
Thread Pooling:
Q = What is thread pooling ?
A = Thread pooling is a technique where a pool of pre-created threads is maintained, and tasks are assigned to these threads to improve efficiency and reduce overhead in managing threads.
Agile Project Management:
Q = What is agile project management ?
A = Agile project management is an iterative and flexible approach to managing projects, emphasizing collaboration, adaptability, and customer feedback.
Binary Tree:
Q = What is a binary tree ?
A = A binary tree is a hierarchical data structure composed of nodes, each having at most two children, referred to as the left and right child.
Load Testing:
Q = What is load testing ?
A = Load testing involves assessing how well a system performs under specific conditions, such as high traffic or heavy user loads, to identify bottlenecks and potential issues.
Microservices vs. SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture):
Q = What is the difference between microservices and Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) ?
A = Microservices are small, independent services that communicate directly, while SOA is an architectural pattern where services are loosely coupled and communicate through a middleware.
Webhooks:
Q = What are webhooks ?
A = Webhooks are HTTP callbacks that enable real-time communication between systems by allowing one system to send data to another system when a specific event occurs.
Data Warehouse:
Q = What is a data warehouse ?
A = A data warehouse is a centralized repository that stores and manages large volumes of structured and unstructured data, supporting analytical processing and reporting.
Kanban Board:
Q = What is a Kanban board ?
A = A Kanban board is a visual representation of work items, typically using cards and columns, to visualize and manage the flow of work in a process.
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol):
Q = What is TCP/IP ?
A = TCP/IP is the foundational suite of protocols used for communication on the internet, including protocols like TCP, IP, UDP, and others.
Static Analysis:
Q = What is static analysis in software development ?
A = Static analysis involves examining source code, documentation, or other artifacts without executing the code to find issues such as coding errors, security vulnerabilities, or adherence to coding standards.
Docker Hub:
Q = What is Docker Hub ?
A = Docker Hub is a cloud-based registry service that allows developers to share and distribute Docker container images, making it easier to collaborate and deploy applications.
Immutable Infrastructure:
Q = What is immutable infrastructure ?
A = Immutable infrastructure refers to the practice of treating infrastructure components as immutable, meaning they are never modified after they are created, and any change results in the creation of a new component.
Git Branching:
Q = What is branching in Git ?
A = Branching in Git allows developers to create isolated environments to work on features or fixes without affecting the main codebase, providing a way to experiment and collaborate.
Service Mesh:
Q = What is a service mesh ?
A = A service mesh is a dedicated infrastructure layer that facilitates communication between microservices, managing network-related tasks such as load balancing, service discovery, and security.
Token Authentication:
Q = What is token authentication ?
A = Token authentication involves the use of tokens (e.g., JSON Web Tokens) to authenticate and authorize users in a secure and stateless manner, commonly used in web applications.
MVC vs. MVVM:
Q = What is the difference between MVC (Model-View-Controller) and MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel) architectural patterns ?
A = MVC separates an application into three components (Model, View, Controller), while MVVM adds a ViewModel to facilitate data binding between the view and model.
ETL (Extract, Transform, Load):
Q = What is ETL ?
A = ETL is a data integration process that involves extracting data from different sources, transforming it, and loading it into a target system, often used in data warehousing and business intelligence.
Singleton Pattern in Software Design:
Q = What is the Singleton pattern in software design ?
A = The Singleton pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it, commonly used for logging, driver objects, and caching.
Sprint Planning:
Q = What is sprint planning in agile development ?
A = Sprint planning is a meeting held at the beginning of each sprint where the team decides on the work to be completed during the sprint, creating a sprint backlog.
Database Indexing:
Q = What is database indexing ?
A = Database indexing is the process of creating data structures (indexes) to improve the speed of data retrieval operations on a database table.
OAuth 2.0 Flow:
Q = What are the common OAuth 2.0 flows ?
A = OAuth 2.0 supports authorization code flow, implicit flow, password grant, client credentials grant, and device code flow, providing different options for user authentication and authorization.
Singleton vs. Dependency Injection:
Q = What is the difference between using the Singleton pattern and Dependency Injection in software design ?
A = Singleton pattern enforces a single instance, whereas Dependency Injection allows the injection of dependencies into a class, promoting loose coupling and testability.
Software Prototyping:
Q = What is software prototyping ?
A = Software prototyping involves creating a simplified version of a system to gather user feedback, validate requirements, and make informed design decisions.
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) vs. Test-Driven Development (TDD):
Q = What is the difference between Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) and Test-Driven Development (TDD) ?
A = BDD focuses on collaboration between developers, QA, and non-technical stakeholders to define requirements, while TDD emphasizes writing tests before implementing functionality to guide development.
Serverless Monitoring:
Q = Q: What is serverless monitoring ?
A = Serverless monitoring involves tracking and analyzing the performance, errors, and resource usage of serverless functions to ensure optimal operation and identify areas for improvement.
Frontend Frameworks:
Q = What are some popular frontend frameworks ?
A = Popular frontend frameworks include React, Angular, and Vue.js, providing tools and libraries for building interactive and dynamic user interfaces.
Concurrent Programming:
Q = What is concurrent programming ?
A = Concurrent programming involves designing and implementing programs that can execute multiple tasks or processes simultaneously, improving performance and responsiveness.
Distributed Cache:
Q = What is a distributed cache ?
A = A distributed cache is a caching system that stores data in memory across multiple servers, providing fast and efficient access to frequently used data.
Load Balancing Algorithms:
Q = What are common load balancing algorithms ?
A = Load balancing algorithms include round-robin, least connections, and weighted round-robin, distributing incoming network traffic across multiple servers for optimal resource utilization.
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